MySQL + KeepAlived + LVS單點(diǎn)寫入主主同步高可用架構(gòu)實(shí)驗(yàn)

㈠ 實(shí)戰(zhàn)環(huán)境

服務(wù)器名· IP OS MySQL

odd.example.com 192.168.1.116 RHEL-5.8 5.5.16

even.example.com 192.168.1.115 RHEL-5.8 5.5.16

㈡ 方案優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

優(yōu)點(diǎn)

● 安裝配置簡(jiǎn)單， 實(shí)現(xiàn)方便，高可用效率好，可以根據(jù)服務(wù)與系統(tǒng)的可用性多方面進(jìn)行切換

● 可以將寫 VIP 和讀 VIP 分別進(jìn)行設(shè)置，為讀寫分離做準(zhǔn)備

● 可以在后面添加多個(gè)從服務(wù)器，并做到負(fù)載均衡

缺點(diǎn)

● 在啟動(dòng)或者恢復(fù)后會(huì)立即替換掉定義的 sorry_server

因此如果要實(shí)現(xiàn)指定條件替換或者不替換需要通過其他方式實(shí)現(xiàn)，比如：臨時(shí)更改MySQL的端口等

● 擴(kuò)展不是很方便

● 切換需要 1s 左右的時(shí)間

㈢ 方案適用場(chǎng)景

這個(gè)方案適用于只有兩臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)服務(wù)器并且還沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的讀寫分離的情況、讀和寫都配置 VIP

這個(gè)方案能夠便于單臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的管理維護(hù)以及切換工作

比如進(jìn)行大表的表結(jié)構(gòu)更改、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的升級(jí)等都是非常方便的

㈣ 方案架構(gòu)圖

㈤ 部署步驟

⑴ MySQL 安裝

請(qǐng)查閱我之前的一篇文章：

MySQL 5.5 三大安裝方式：【二進(jìn)制、源代碼編譯和RPM包】安裝步驟及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)比較

http://www.bitsCN.com/database/201304/202705.html

⑵ MySQL主主同步配置

這也請(qǐng)查閱我之前的文章哈：MySQL主主同步配置

http://www.bitsCN.com/database/201305/207858.html

⑶ LVS 安裝

在ODD EVEN:

# wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-308.el5xen-i686/ /usr/src/linux

# tar -zxv -f ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

# cd ipvsadm-1.24

# make

# make install

⑷ KeepAlived安裝

在ODD EVEN:

# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz

# tar -zxv -f keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz

# cd keepalived-1.1.19

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

# make

# make install

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

# mkdir /etc/keepalived

⑸ KeepAlived配置

在 ODD

[plain]

global_defs {

notification_email {

linwaterbin@gmail.com

}

notification_email_from bychjzh@gmail.com

smtp_server smtp.gmail.com

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS1

}

vrrp_sync_group test {

group {

loadbalance

}

}

vrrp_instance loadbalance {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 150

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.128 dev eth0 label eth0:1

}

}

virtual_server 192.168.1.128 3306 {

delay_loop 6

lb_algo rr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 20

protocol TCP

sorry_server 192.168.1.115 3306

real_server 192.168.1.116 3306 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 3

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

}

在EVEN:

大部分都和 ODD 一樣、只有 2 處：

● state BACKUP

● priority 150

⑹ ODD EVEN 的 realsever 配置

在 ODD EVEN 上

[plain]

#!/bin/bash

# description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp

SNS_VIP=192.168.1.128

/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

case "$1" in

start)

ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP

/sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "RealServer Start OK"

;;

stop)

ifconfig lo:0 down

route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

echo "RealServer Stoped"

;;

*)

echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

⑺ 啟動(dòng) KeepAlived和 realsever

在 ODD EVEN

# /etc/rc.d/init.d/realserver.sh start

# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

# echo “/etc/rc.d/init.d/realserver.sh start” >> /etc/rc.local

# echo “/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start” >> /etc/rc.local

配置到這邊大概都已經(jīng)差不多了、接下來(lái)看看測(cè)試

㈥ 簡(jiǎn)單測(cè)試

停掉ODD MySQL Server 、看看能否自動(dòng)卻換到 sorry_server

[plain]

停止前：

[root@odd keepalived]# ipvsadm -ln

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP 192.168.1.128:3306 rr persistent 20

-> 192.168.1.116:3306 Local 3 0 0

停止：

[mysql@odd ~]$ mysqladmin shutdown

130508 00:53:50 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /home/mysql/mysql/data/odd.example.com.pid ended

[1]+ Done mysqld_safe

停止后：

[root@odd keepalived]# ipvsadm -ln

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP 192.168.1.128:3306 rr persistent 20

-> 192.168.1.115:3306 Route 1 0 0

成功！！

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